Martial Arts and Ways

CLASSIFICATION OF JAPANESE MARTIAL ARTS AND WAYS IN RELATIONSHIP
TO SWORDSMANSHIP PRIOR 1912

Type	Date of Origin	Training Weapons	Training Method	Social Organization	Education System
Classical Martial Arts (ko-bujutsu)	Prior 1603 About 1563	Katana Bokutō Katana Bokutō Fukuro-shinai	Kata Kata	Ryū Ryū	Menkyo- kaiden (license system)
Classical Martial Ways (ko-budō) Kenjutsu/Kendō "Transitional form" Kenjutsu/Kendō/Shinai-geiko	1603-1868 About 1750-1868	Katana Bokutō Fukuro-shinai Katana Bokutō Shinai	Kata Kata Shinai-geiko	Ryū Ryū	Menkyo- kaiden (license system)
Modern Martial Arts (shin-bujutsu) Military Swordsmanship	About post 1868	Katana	Kata	Japanese Goverment	_
Modern Martial Ways (shin-budō) Modern kendō	About post 1868 1912	(Bokutō) Shinai	(Kata) Shinai-geiko (Kata) Shinai-geiko	Renmei	Dan (ranking system, created for kendo in 1917)

The table is based on the following sources:
• • •	Dann, Jeffrey. Kendo in Japanese Martial Culture. Ph.D. thesis. University of Washington. 1978; pp. 19-23. Draeger, Donn F. Classical Budo. Weatherhill. 1973; p. 80. Friday, Karl F. Legacies of the Sword. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu; 1997; pp. 119n, 137.